Type-writer



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' 42 Sheets-Sheet 1. C. H. DAVIDS.

TYPE WRITER.

Patented Aug. 9,1881.,

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u. H'. DAVIDS.

TYPE WRITER.

No. 245,353. Patented Aug. 9,v1881.-

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Untere SATES PATENT Ottica.

CHARLES H. DAVIDS, OF BROOKLYN, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF DAVID F. DAVIDS ANDMAY DOW DAVIDS, BOTH OF NEV ROCHELLE, NEW YORK.

TYPE-WRITER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent'No. 245,353, dated .August9, 1881.

l Application filed April 20, 1881. (No model.) i

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, CHARLES H. DAVIDS, acitizen of the United States, residing at Brooklyn, in the county ofKings and State of New York, have invented a new and useful improvenientin spacing devices for type-writers and other machines in which types orstamps print, cut, or are impressed on or into paper or othersubstances; and the following is a specilication lo ot'vsaid invention.

The object of my invention is to give to each individual impressed orprinted character the particular amount of space required by it in theline in which it occurs.

i 5 In type-writers as generally constructed an equal amount of space isgiven to each character, regardless ot" its width of face, and with theview of partially remedying the imperfect appearance thus caused in thework done on 2O such machines special faces of type are generally usedin which the wide letters are condensed and the narrow letters areexpanded out of their proper proportions. Thus where a. number of narrowletters consecutively ap- V pear too much space is shown, and whereseveral wide letters occur the matter is too condensed, in each casegiving it an awkward and unsightly appearance, besides using moremaferial and more of the operator-7s time than would be necessary wereall ythe letters of fair proportions and properly spaced. By the use ofmy invention lthe work done by these machines will be typographicallyperfect, and the necessity for usingthebeforementioned special faces oftype will be obviated. I attain these objects by the mechanismillustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is an endelevation of the spacing device. Fig. 2 is a front elevation of themechanism with the stop-bar I removed. Fig. 3 is a plan of thepressure-bar F and mechanism for moving it, and Fig. Lis an elevation ofthe same.

A A is the frame of the machine.

B B B are keys, secured bythe stems C C C to the key-levers D D D.Space-stops E E E of different lengths, proportioned to the spacesrequired by the various types or punches, are connected with thekey-levers D D D. The 5o stop-bar I is attachedto the front of themachine, under the free ends of the key-levers D D D.

F is a pressure-bar, thc ends of which may move freely in slots G in theends ofthe front part ot the swinging frame H H. whicliswings on theshaft a. This shaft extends entirely across the machine. and on it thekey-levers D D D also swing. The collars c c o prevent lateral motion ofthe shaft a, and retain the key-levers D D D in their places thereon.

The link J is connected with the swinging frame H by the stud d. andwith the pawl-levers K K by the joint L. The pawl-lever K carries thepawls N N N by means of the stud e. The pawls N N N, which may be of anysuitable number, are ot different lengths, to nely graduate thedifference in motion which they will communicate to the ratchet-wheel O,at the same time permitting large teeth to be used in the ratchet-wheelO. These pawls are 7o held against the ratchet-wheel O by the springsffj'. The gear-wheel P has a prolongation of its hub, forming a sleeve,on which the ratchet-wheel O is secured. and on which the pawl-lever Kswings, and it is retained in its place by the collar j and screw 2. Thecollar fi and set-screw 1 retain the gear-wheel l) on the stud M, whichis secured to the frame A by the nut 7L. The gear-wheel I engages withthe pinion Q on the shaft R, said shaft R hav- 8o ing a screw-threadformed thereon between the bearings U U. Lateral motion of thescrewshaft R is prevented by the pinion Q at one end, and the collar gand set-screw g at the other end. The screw-shaftR carries the nut S, towhich is attached the bed T or other support for the material to beoperated upon.

The pawls N N N are of such lengths that their ends subdivide equallythe space between the faces of one tooth of the ratchet-wheel and 9o thenext.

Suitable springs (left outot1 the drawings to prevent complication) maybe attached to the key-levers D D D and to the swinging frame H as well,to raise them after they have been depressed.

In operation a key, B, being depressed carries a key-lever, D, with itsspace-stop E until the free end of the key-lever strikes the stopbar I.The space-stop E depresses the pressroo nre-bar F, swinging frame H,link J, pawllevers K K, and pawls N N N. Pressure on the key B beingremoved, one of the pawls N N N engages with the ratchet-wheel O andrevolves it the proper distance, which is determined by the length ofthe space-stop E, whichin each stop is adapted to the character that isimpressed by the depression of the key with which the stop is connected.The ratchetwheel O being turned moves the gear-wheel P, the pinion Q,the screw-shaft It, nut S, and material upon T, and the parts areproportioned so that the material on T is moved the proper distance forthe character that has been impressed, so that the next character willfall at the proper distance from the one so previously impressed.

In machines operating two or more sets of characters wit-h one set ofkeys it will be necessary to have the same number of sets ot'space-stops. In this case the pressure-bar F maybe moved under eitherset of' space-stops, as desired.

Duplex space-stops are shown in Figs. l and 2, in which E E may belower-case space-stops, and E E2 may be upper-case space-stops, thepressure-bar F being moved under either set, asrequired.Onemethodofdoingthisis shown in Figs. 3 and 4, in which B is a key, towhich is attached a plate, 5, having anv inclined plane midway at eachedge,with vertical spaces above and below. (i 6 are links connecting thepressure-bar F with the fixed bar 7. 8 is a slotted plate, dovetailed inthe end of the pressurebar F to permit lateral motion therein. Bydepressing the key B the plate 5 exerts an end pressure against thepressure-bar F and also causes it to swing forward, as shown by thedotted lines, the vertical parts of the edges ot' plate 5 permitting thepressure-bar F to be raised or depressed Without changing its positionunder the space-stops. 4

Other mechanism may be substituted for the screW-shaftR land nut S, myinvention having no special reference to these parts.

The space-stops E E E may be made adjustable, if necessary. They may beattached to the stop-bar I or to the pressure-bar F, my invention notbeing limited in this particular.

In Figs. 5 and 6 I have represented a modiiication ot' my saidimprovement.

The keylevers D are hinged to sliding rods b passing through thepressure-barF ofthe levers H, with.

finger-buttons B at their upper ends and with space-stop collars Earound them. These rods b are guided by the plates o o, through whichtheyslide freely. Tile keys have a definite movement to the stop-bar I.The key-rods B slide freely through the pressure-bar F a greater or lessdistance before the pressure-bar is moved by the stop E coming intocontact with it, and the extent of motion given to the pressure-bar Fwill depend upon the distance that the parts move after the stop E comesinto contact with such pressure-bar, and before the key is arrested bythe stop I. Springs are provided for raising the keys B.

I do not claim, broadly, a device for spacing different widths fordifferent types.

Vhat I do claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is- 1 1. In amachine for impressing types, the frame H, pivoted at a, and having apressurebar, F, across the front end, in combination with thedepressible keys having a space-stop upon each key, acting against thepressure-bar F to move the same a greater or less distance, and theconnection J from the frame H, the lever K, pawls N, and wheel O, andthe mechanism, substantially such as described, for moving the surfacethat is to be impressed, substantially as specitied.

2. The combination, with the key-levers D and two space-stops to eachkey, ot' the stopbar I, movable pressure-bar F, and means for movingsaid pressure-bar, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination, in a machine for impressing types successively, ot'a ratchet-wheel, O, two or more pawls, N, of varying lengths` one pivot,c, for these pawls, the link J and arm K, connected bythe pivot L, theswinging frame H, the presser-bar of which extends under allthekey-levers, and key-levers and stops, substantially as specified.

Signed by lne this 18th day of April A. D.

CHARLES I-I. DAVIDS.

Witnesses GEO. T. PINGKNEY, WILLIAM G. Mo'rT.

